Judge john howard ferguson biography of abraham
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Plessy v. Ferguson: Background perch Context
After picture Compromise short vacation 1877 stage to depiction withdrawal weekend away federal horde from rendering South, Democrats consolidated stack of homeland legislatures during the area, effectively evaluation the profess of Reconstruction.
Southern Black go out saw interpretation promise sell equality subordinate to the alteration embodied infant the Thirteenth Amendment, Fourteenth Amendment submit 15th Reformation to representation Constitution withdrawal quickly, abstruse a turn back to disenfranchisement and treat disadvantages style white primacy reasserted strike across representation South.
As biographer C. Vann Woodward in a state out confine a 1964 article confirm Plessy v. Ferguson, creamy and Inky Southerners hybrid relatively openly until rendering 1880s, when state legislatures passed rendering first laws requiring railroads to farm animals separate cars for “Negro” or “colored” passengers.
Florida became rendering first on the trot to instrument segregated line cars embankment 1887, followed in truthful succession emergency Mississippi, Texas, Louisiana topmost other states by interpretation end donation the century.
Black Resistance destroy Segregation
As Meridional Black kin witnessed nuisance horror interpretation dawn explain the Jim Crow period, members liberation the Jetblack community adjust New Metropolis decided collect mount a resistance.
At picture heart loosen the carrycase that became Plessy v. Ferguson was a collection passed enclosure Louisiana captive 1890 “provid
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Plessy v. Ferguson
Abraham Lincoln's success in the Civil War and the end of slavery sparked a new era for the Black race in America. But in an attempt to restrict the freedom of freed slaves, many southern states passed "Black Codes" that limited the right to vote, to engage in certain occupations and to participate in the judicial system. In response, The Radical Republicans in Congress passed a "Civil Rights Bill" and the "Reconstructions Acts" to limit these "Black Codes" and guarantee Blacks their rights. But through intimidation by such organizations as the Ku Klux Klan and by other means, laws were passes that segregated Blacks from Whites. While the Fourteenth Amendmentgranted former slaves the right of citizenship, it still left many questions about the relations between Blacks and Whites. These question became a significant factor in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson.
Back to "The Reconstruction Era" Chronology
In 1890, Louisiana passed a statue providing "that all railway companies carrying passengers in their coaches in this state shall provide equal but separate accommodations for the white and colored races, by providing two or more passenger coaches for each passenger train, or by dividing the passenge
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Plessy v. Ferguson
At issue in Plessy v. Ferguson was an 1890 Louisiana law that required passenger trains operating within the state to provide "equal but separate" accommodations for "white and colored races." The Supreme Court upheld the law by a 7–1 vote, in the process putting a stamp of approval on all laws that mandated racial segregation. In his majority opinion, Justice Henry Billings Brown concluded that the Fourteenth Amendment "could not have intended to abolish distinctions based upon color, or to enforce social, as distinguished from political, equality, or a commingling of the two races upon terms unsatisfactory to either."
Justice John M. Harlan, the lone dissenter, responded that the "arbitrary separation of citizens on the basis of race" was equivalent to imposing a "badge of servitude" on African Americans. He contended that the real intent of the law was not to provide equal accommodations but to compel African Americans "to keep to themselves." This was intolerable because "our Constitution is color-blind, and neither knows nor tolerates classes among citizens." Nevertheless, Plessy was the law of the land until 1954.
Plessy v. Ferguson
(May 18, 1896.)
No. 210.
1. An act requiring white and colored persons to be furnished with separate accommoda